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Nauru

Nauru, part of Oceania, is an island in the South Pacific Ocean, south of the Marshall Islands. A surrounding reef is exposed at low tide. The original inhabitants of Nauru, the smallest independent republic in the world, were Polynesian and Melanesian explorers. In the 1830s, when whaling and trading ships arrived, sailors found a clan-based society with a mother goddess, Eijebong, and a spirit island, Buitani, as foundation of Nauruans' belief system. As elsewhere in the world, the peaceful co-existence of the 12 indigenous tribes was destroyed by the introduction of liquor and firearms. Germany was allocated the island in 1886; a few years late, phosphate was discovered. In 1914, Australia captured the island; by 1920, under the League of Nations, the British Phosphate Commissioners took over the mining industry. World War II further reduced the population, but Nauru's story has a happy ending: the inhabitants now own their assets, and have lived in an independent country since 1968.
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